Java網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程入門(mén)SocketServer與Socket
2018-07-20 來(lái)源：open-open
java網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程主要包含4部分： （注意設(shè)置超時(shí)時(shí)間）
- URL 連接 ：類URL代表一個(gè)統(tǒng)一資源定位符，它是指向互聯(lián)網(wǎng)“資源”的指針。資源可以是簡(jiǎn)單的文件或目錄，也可以是對(duì)更為復(fù)雜的對(duì)象的引用，例如對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)或搜索引擎的查詢。
- HttpURLConnection連接：相當(dāng)于servlet，發(fā)送單個(gè)以post或get方式的請(qǐng)求，
- TCP/IP連接 可靠傳輸ServerSocket類 。 1）.入門(mén)案例。 2）.多線程阻塞式通訊。 阻塞式：比如recv某個(gè)socket的描述符，如果沒(méi)有數(shù)據(jù)到，一直停在recv的狀態(tài)，不釋放socket資源，叫阻塞
- UDP連接 DatagramSocket 類， 此類表示用來(lái)發(fā)送和接收數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)包的套接字。
TCP/IP 連接 Server服務(wù)器端
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
*@ClassName:Server
*@author: chenyoulong
*@date :2012-7-30 上午10:35:09
*@Description:TODO
*/
public class SendServer {
/**
* @throws IOException
* @Title: main
* @Description: TODO
* @param @param args
* @return void
* @throws
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
ServerSocket server=new ServerSocket(8888);
System.out.println("server start");
Socket sock=server.accept();
sock.setSoTimeout(6000); //服務(wù)器端設(shè)置連接超時(shí)時(shí)間，該操作只對(duì)讀取（read）操作有效。
//讀取
//字節(jié)流的形式讀取
// 優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)分析，弱點(diǎn)：受byte[]大小的限制 ，優(yōu)點(diǎn)：不受回車(chē)符（\r）和換行符（\n）限制
InputStream input=sock.getInputStream();
byte[] buf =new byte[1024];
System.out.println("InputStream==="+input);
if(input!=null){
int len=input.read(buf);
ToolKit.writeLog(SendServer.class.getName(), "服務(wù)器端收到的報(bào)文：\n"+new String(buf, 0, len));
}
/* //字符流的形式讀取
//(遇到換行符或者回車(chē)符就終止，還是謹(jǐn)慎使用)
BufferedReader read=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(sock.getInputStream()));
String readStr=null;
if((readStr=read.readLine())!=null){
ToolKit.writeLog(Server.class.getName(), "服務(wù)器端收到的報(bào)文：\n"+readStr);
}
if(read!=null) read.close();
*/
/*//輸出
String outStr="我是server服務(wù)器端";
BufferedWriter write=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(sock.getOutputStream()));
if(outStr!=null){
write.write(outStr);
}
if(write!=null) write.close();*/
//掛關(guān)閉資源
if(sock!=null) sock.close();
if(server!=null) server.close();
}
TCP/IP連接 Client客戶端
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
/**
*@ClassName:ReceiveClient
*@author: chenyoulong
*@date :2012-8-3 下午2:17:26
*@Description:TODO
*/
public class ReceiveClient {
private final String IP=Setting.RECEIVE_IP;
private final int PORT=Setting.RECEIVE_PORT;
private Logger log = Logger.getLogger(Sender.class.getName());
//發(fā)送
/**
* @throws Exception
* 發(fā)送報(bào)文
* @Title: send
* @Description: TODO
* @param @param reqMessage
* @return void
* @throws
*/
public void send(String reqMessage) throws Exception{
Socket sock=null;
BufferedOutputStream out=null;
try {
sock=new Socket();
SocketAddress sockAdd=new InetSocketAddress(IP, PORT);
sock.connect(sockAdd, 2000); //客戶端設(shè)置連接建立超時(shí)時(shí)間
out=new BufferedOutputStream(sock.getOutputStream());
out.write(reqMessage.getBytes());
out.flush();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
log.error("網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接異常"+Strings.getStackTrace(e));
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
log.error("網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接異常\n"+Strings.getStackTrace(e));
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
if(out!=null){
try {
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace(); }
}
if(sock!=null){
try {
sock.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
//接收
public String reiceve() throws Exception{
Socket sock=null;
BufferedInputStream in=null;
try {
sock=new Socket(IP,PORT);
in = new BufferedInputStream(sock.getInputStream());
if ((sock == null) || (in == null)) {
throw new Exception("套接口無(wú)效，無(wú)法讀取數(shù)據(jù)");
}
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
byte[] bts = new byte[10000];
int totalLen = 0, len = 0;
while ((len = in.read(bts, totalLen, 1000)) != -1) {
totalLen += len;
}
String result = new String(bts); //注意字符編碼
return result.trim();
}
//main函數(shù)示例
public static void main(String[] args){
//發(fā)送報(bào)文
//發(fā)送
String str="我是客戶端！"
try {
new ReceiveClient().send(str);
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
//接收?qǐng)?bào)文
/*try {
String recStr=new Receiver().reiceve();
System.out.println("客戶端接收到的結(jié)果=="+recStr);
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}*/
}
}
TCP/IP連接多線程阻塞式服務(wù)端1——實(shí)現(xiàn)runnable接口
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
*@ClassName:ThreadSocket
*@author: chenyoulong
*@date :2012-8-1 上午10:00:41
*@Description:TODO
*/
public class ThreadSocket implements Runnable {
private Socket sock;
public ThreadSocket(Socket sock){
this.sock=sock;
}
/*
* <p>Title: run</p>
* <p>Description: </p>
* @see java.lang.Runnable#run()
*/
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
InputStream input=null;
try {
input = sock.getInputStream();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
/* //字符流的形式讀取(遇到換行符或者回車(chē)符就終止，還是謹(jǐn)慎使用)
BufferedReader read=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(input));
String readStr=null;
try {
if((readStr=read.readLine())!=null){
System.out.println("服務(wù)器端收到的報(bào)文：\n"+readStr);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
if(read!=null) {
try {
read.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}*/
//字節(jié)流
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
if (input != null) {
int len=0;
try {
len = input.read(buf);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("服務(wù)器端收到的報(bào)文：\n"+ new String(buf, 0, len));
}
}
}
TCP/IP連接多線程阻塞式服務(wù)端2——main函數(shù)
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
*@ClassName:OnRunSendServer
*@author: chenyoulong
*@date :2012-8-1 上午10:06:28
*@Description:TODO
*/
public class OnRunSendServer {
/**
* @throws IOException
* @Title: main
* @Description: TODO
* @param @param args
* @return void
* @throws
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
ServerSocket server = null;
try {
server = new ServerSocket(8888);
System.out.println("send服務(wù)器start！");
Socket sock = null;
while (true) {
sock = server.accept();
sock.setSoTimeout(12000);//設(shè)置讀取連接超時(shí)時(shí)間
ThreadSocket tsock = new ThreadSocket(sock);
new Thread(tsock).start();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}/*finally{ //這里還是不要finally關(guān)閉ServerSocket為好，防止某個(gè)socket連接超時(shí)導(dǎo)致整個(gè)ServerSocket都關(guān)閉了。
try {
server.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}*/
}
}
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