1.安裝JDK
下載的jdk文件為:jdk-6u45-linux-x64.bin,執(zhí)行如下命令進(jìn)行安裝:

#./jdk-6u12-linux-i586.bin

2.安裝tomcat:

#tar zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz
#mv apache-tomcat-6.0.29 tomcat

這里我將解壓后的apache-tomcat-6.0.29重命名為了tomcat方便操作。

3.配置環(huán)境變量:
編輯/etc下的profile文件,加上如下內(nèi)容:

JAVA_HOME="/opt/app/jdk1.6.0_45"
CLASS_PATH="$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib"
PATH=".:$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin"
CATALINA_HOME="/opt/app/tomcat"
export JAVA_HOME CATALINA_HOME

執(zhí)行下面命令使變更生效:

# source /etc/profile

啟動tomcat并輸入http://domain:8080,如果看到貓的頁面即tomcat和jdk安裝成功
新建文件目錄/home/www為網(wǎng)站存放目錄,設(shè)置server.xml文件,在Host name=”localhost”處將appBase=的指向路徑改為/home/www/web
創(chuàng)建index.jsp至/home/www/web/ROOT,內(nèi)容為:“hello!”? 重新啟動tomcat,重新訪問,如果看到index.jsp文件內(nèi)容hello!表示設(shè)置成功。

4.安裝Nginx
執(zhí)行如下命令解壓nginx:

# tar zxvf nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz
# mv nginx-1.4.4 nginx

同樣重命名了一下。
安裝nginx:

# ./configure --prefix=/opt/app/nginx

結(jié)果出現(xiàn)了錯誤:error: C compiler cc is not found,按網(wǎng)上所說安裝編譯源碼所需的工具和庫:

#yum install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel perl

再次安裝,發(fā)現(xiàn)還有錯誤:the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
執(zhí)行

# yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel

終于成功,

# ./configure --prefix=/opt/app/nginx
# make
# make install

nginx安裝成功后的安裝目錄為/opt/app/nginx

二、Nginx方面的配置
在/usr/local/目錄下分別安裝nginx和tomcat
為nginx添加conf.d目錄,用于各項目的配置,比如新建renhetoutiao.conf文件

server {
  listen   80;
  server_name devtoutiao.renhe.cn;
  root    /home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/htdocs;
  access_log /home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/logs/access_log.log;
 
  location = / {
    rewrite ^/$ /index.shtml last;
  }
 
  location ~ .shtml {
    proxy_pass http://localhost:8081;
    proxy_set_header  Host  $host;
    proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
  }
 
  location ~ .*.(js|css)?$ {
    expires 1h;
  }
}

server {
  listen   80;
  server_name devtoutiao.renhe.cn;
  root    /home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/htdocs;
  access_log /home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/logs/access_log.log;
 
  location = / {
    rewrite ^/$ /index.shtml last;
  }
 
  location ~ .shtml {
    proxy_pass http://localhost:8081;
    proxy_set_header  Host  $host;
    proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
  }
 
  location ~ .*.(js|css)?$ {
    expires 1h;
  }
}

對nginx的conf/nginx.conf修改,第二行 user root,賦予nginx root權(quán)限,在http中添加 include /usr/local/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
選擇一個項目如renhetoutiao, 目錄/home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/

三、Tomcat方面的配置
catalina.policy catalina.properties context.xml tomcat-users.xml server.xml web.xml
這5個配置文件就可以啟動一個tomcat實例,其中server.xml是必須配置的。
catalina.policy catalina.properties web.xml 可以使用默認(rèn)的,可以從安裝路徑copy,context.xml tomcat-users.xml可以不用。
所以每個項目我們只需要配置server.xml, 如renhetoutiao項目的配置

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<Server port="8015" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
 
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"
    SSLEngine="on" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
 
  <Service name="Catalina">
 
    <Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" />
 
    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
      <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="false" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
        <Context docBase="/home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/web" path="" />
      </Host>
    </Engine>
  </Service>
</Server>

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<Server port="8015" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
 
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"
    SSLEngine="on" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
 
  <Service name="Catalina">
 
    <Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" />
 
    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
      <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="false" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
        <Context docBase="/home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/web" path="" />
      </Host>
    </Engine>
  </Service>
</Server>

因為使用nginx,tomcat的ajp不會使用,所以可以去掉,tomcat可以這樣簡單配置。注意每個項目的連接端口和關(guān)閉端口,不要有重復(fù)。
因為tomcat回去加載指定路徑下得class lib,所以必須把配置、依賴等copy至web下,啟動腳本bin/startup,關(guān)閉腳本bin/shutdown 如下:

#!/bin/sh
 
export CATALINA_BASE="$PWD"
export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat"
 
#啟動為適配tomcat目錄做的準(zhǔn)備
#遷移tomcat必要的配置文件 catalina.policy catalina.properties context.xml tomcat-users.xml web.xml
if [ ! -f "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.policy ]; then
  cp "$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/catalina.policy "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf
fi
 
if [ ! -f "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.properties ]; then
    cp "$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/catalina.properties "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf
fi
 
if [ ! -f "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/web.xml ]; then
    cp "$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/web.xml "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf
fi
 
if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE"/logs ]; then
 mkdir logs
fi
 
#準(zhǔn)備classes和lib目錄
CLASSES_PATH="$CATALINA_BASE"/web/WEB-INF/classes
LIB_PATH="$CATALINA_BASE"/web/WEB-INF/lib
rm -rf "$CLASSES_PATH"
rm -rf "$LIB_PATH"
cp -R "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf "$CLASSES_PATH"
cp -R "$CATALINA_BASE"/lib "$LIB_PATH"
 
#啟動時會記錄進(jìn)程ID,存放于logs/tomcat.pid內(nèi)
#shutdown時強制關(guān)閉該進(jìn)程
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh
#!/bin/sh
 
export CATALINA_BASE="$PWD"
export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat"
 
#啟動為適配tomcat目錄做的準(zhǔn)備
#遷移tomcat必要的配置文件 catalina.policy catalina.properties context.xml tomcat-users.xml web.xml
if [ ! -f "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.policy ]; then
  cp "$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/catalina.policy "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf
fi
 
if [ ! -f "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.properties ]; then
    cp "$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/catalina.properties "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf
fi
 
if [ ! -f "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/web.xml ]; then
    cp "$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/web.xml "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf
fi
 
if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_BASE"/logs ]; then
 mkdir logs
fi
 
#準(zhǔn)備classes和lib目錄
CLASSES_PATH="$CATALINA_BASE"/web/WEB-INF/classes
LIB_PATH="$CATALINA_BASE"/web/WEB-INF/lib
rm -rf "$CLASSES_PATH"
rm -rf "$LIB_PATH"
cp -R "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf "$CLASSES_PATH"
cp -R "$CATALINA_BASE"/lib "$LIB_PATH"

#啟動時會記錄進(jìn)程ID,存放于logs/tomcat.pid內(nèi)
#shutdown時強制關(guān)閉該進(jìn)程
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh

#!/bin/sh
 
export CATALINA_BASE="$PWD"
export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat"
 
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh

#!/bin/sh
 
export CATALINA_BASE="$PWD"
export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat"
 
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh

通過tomcat的startup.sh腳本,會碰到項目中分配的線程沒有及時釋放,tomcat不能及時關(guān)閉,導(dǎo)致重啟時產(chǎn)生端口沖突
解決方案:強制關(guān)閉tomcat進(jìn)程,kill -9 PID,執(zhí)行腳本需要啟動時記錄各個tomcat實例的進(jìn)程,這里將進(jìn)程PID保存在項目的logs目錄下。
記錄PID的操作需要修改tomcat安裝目錄下 bin/catalina.sh腳本
在PRGDIR=dirname “$PRG”后面加上

TOMCAT_PID="$PWD"/"logs/tomcat.pid"
if [ -f "$TOMCAT_PID" ]; then
  CATALINA_PID="$TOMCAT_PID"
elif [ $1 = "start" ]; then
  CATALINA_PID="$TOMCAT_PID"
fi

TOMCAT_PID="$PWD"/"logs/tomcat.pid"
if [ -f "$TOMCAT_PID" ]; then
  CATALINA_PID="$TOMCAT_PID"
elif [ $1 = "start" ]; then
  CATALINA_PID="$TOMCAT_PID"
fi

最后需要給項目用戶可執(zhí)行權(quán)限 chmod 777 catalina.sh

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